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One of the characteristics common to both the Republican primary and the Democratic primary in 2016 was the opposition to mainstream politics by populists such as Bernie Sanders, Donald Trump, and Ted Cruz. Hillary Clinton, regarded as a symbol of the establishment, was involved in a tight race against Sanders in the primaries despite of the advantage of her experience and considerably greater campaign funding. It is interesting to examine the cause and meaning of the surge of populism in the 2016 election in comparison with the two past elections that were similar to this one.
Right-wing populism led by anti-communists began in the 1950s and morphed into socio-cultural mass movements. Its watershed was the 1964 election in which the Republican Party lost by a landslide. Despite its disheartening defeat, pro-Republican right-wing populists adhered to their agendas and fostered new mass movements which built the ‘Republican majority,’ that finally ushered in the ‘Reagan Revolution.’
In contrast, dispirited by a landslide loss of the 1972 election and beleaguered by the Republican majority, the Democratic Party over the past four decades has been leaning to the right, keeping left-wing populism at a distance and descending into an electoral context of misleading class struggle which has advantaged the Republican Party.
Because the Democratic Party could not bring about political change, even in the crisis of neo-liberalism, Bernie Sanders tried to shake things up by reform of the party which, he believed, could bring about political changes by a return to the electoral context of the “New Deal”. Does his challenge lead to a diverse but unified grass-roots movement like that of Barry Goldwater? If so, his quest is an unfinished journey.
Right-wing populism led by anti-communists began in the 1950s and morphed into socio-cultural mass movements. Its watershed was the 1964 election in which the Republican Party lost by a landslide. Despite its disheartening defeat, pro-Republican right-wing populists adhered to their agendas and fostered new mass movements which built the ‘Republican majority,’ that finally ushered in the ‘Reagan Revolution.’
In contrast, dispirited by a landslide loss of the 1972 election and beleaguered by the Republican majority, the Democratic Party over the past four decades has been leaning to the right, keeping left-wing populism at a distance and descending into an electoral context of misleading class struggle which has advantaged the Republican Party.
Because the Democratic Party could not bring about political change, even in the crisis of neo-liberalism, Bernie Sanders tried to shake things up by reform of the party which, he believed, could bring about political changes by a return to the electoral context of the “New Deal”. Does his challenge lead to a diverse but unified grass-roots movement like that of Barry Goldwater? If so, his quest is an unfinished journey.
목차
1. 서문: 아웃사이더와 민중주의자들의 반란
2. 1964년: 전복의 힘을 만들어낸 무모한 도전
3. 1972년: 같지만 달랐던 패배
4. 결론: 샌더스 현상의 미래
참고문헌
Abstract
참고문헌 (22)
참고문헌 신청
Alterman, Eric. / 2012 / The Cause: The Fight for American Liberalism from Franklin Roosevelt to Barack Obama / Penguin Books
Berman, William C. / 1998 / America’s Right Turn: From Nixon to Clinton / Johns Hopkins University
Bloodworth, Jeffrey / 2013 / Losing the Center: The Decline of American Liberalism / University of Kentucky Press :1968~1992
Carter, Dan T. / 1999 / From George Wallace to Newt Gingrich: Race in the Conservative Counterrevolution / Louisiana State University Press :1963~1994
Edsall, Thomas B. / 1992 / Chain Reaction: The Impact of Race, Rights, and Taxes on American Politics / W. W. Norton
Berman, William C. / 1998 / America’s Right Turn: From Nixon to Clinton / Johns Hopkins University
Bloodworth, Jeffrey / 2013 / Losing the Center: The Decline of American Liberalism / University of Kentucky Press :1968~1992
Carter, Dan T. / 1999 / From George Wallace to Newt Gingrich: Race in the Conservative Counterrevolution / Louisiana State University Press :1963~1994
Edsall, Thomas B. / 1992 / Chain Reaction: The Impact of Race, Rights, and Taxes on American Politics / W. W. Norton
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