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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
황대현 (목원대학교)
저널정보
수선사학회 사림 사림 제54호
발행연도
2015.1
수록면
259 - 293 (35page)

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It is a curious and little-known fact, even to academic scholars, that the first modern newspaper in Europe was invented in the beginning of the seventeenth century in a German-speaking region. A German publisher, Johann Carolus, published a weekly newspaper called “Relation” for the first time in 1605 in his printing shop in Strasbourg, which belonged to the Holy Roman Empire at that time, not yet to France. The newspapers which were destined to play a constituent role in the emergence of the public sphere appeared much later than other printed publications, such as pamphlets or broadsheets that had come on the stage as new media shortly after the invention of typographic printing in the middle of the fifteenth century. For the emergence of the periodical printed newspaper, two preconditions were essential: the development of handwritten newspapers promoted by frequent correspondence and the establishment of a postal service. There were already in the sixteenth century the so-called “Novellanten” who gathered the news from various sources, produced handwritten newspapers, and regularly sold these to customers craving news of current events. The early newspapers could obtain their periodicity only because the postrider regularly delivered them to the dispersed readers. In the Holy Roman Empire, the imperial postal system was established at the end of the sixteenth century by the House of Taxis, whose members had been appointed as Chief Masters of Postal Services by the emperor. The high price of the handwritten newspapers restricted their readership primarily to small groups in the upper classes, whereas the printed ones were able to secure more subscribers through sharp reduction in price and thus attain publicity, one of the important criteria for the modern newspaper. Characterized by fact-oriented reportage without biased comments, the early newspapers in the seventeenth century had potential to undermine gradually the legitimacy of the traditional authority of both state and church, continuously delivering detailed and secular reports on politics to a growing number of people.

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