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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
Wolfgang Maret (King’s College London)
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한국식품영양과학회 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.22 No.1
발행연도
2017.3
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1 - 8 (8page)

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About 20 chemical elements are nutritionally essential for humans with defined molecular functions. Several essential and nonessential biometals are either functional nutrients with antidiabetic actions or can be diabetogenic. A key question remains whether changes in the metabolism of biometals and biominerals are a consequence of diabetes or are involved in its etiology. Exploration of the roles of zinc (Zn) in this regard is most revealing because 80 years of scientific discoveries link zinc and diabetes. In pancreatic β- and α-cells, zinc has specific functions in the biochemistry of insulin and glucagon. When zinc ions are secreted during vesicular exocytosis, they have autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine roles. The membrane protein ZnT8 transports zinc ions into the insulin and glucagon granules. ZnT8 has a risk allele that predisposes the majority of humans to developing diabetes. In target tissues, increased availability of zinc enhances the insulin response by inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, which controls the phosphorylation state of the insulin receptor and hence downstream signalling. Inherited diseases of zinc metabolism, environmental exposures that interfere with the control of cellular zinc homeostasis, and nutritional or conditioned zinc deficiency influence the pathobiochemistry of diabetes. Accepting the view that zinc is one of the many factors in multiple gene-environment interactions that cause the functional demise of β-cells generates an immense potential for treating and perhaps preventing diabetes. Personalized nutrition, bioactive food, and pharmaceuticals targeting the control of cellular zinc in precision medicine are among the possible interventions.

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ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BIOMETALS IN DIABETES
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ZINC
ZINC AND DIABETES
ZINC IN PANCREATIC ISLET PHYSIOLOGY
ZINC IN THE PHYSIOLOGY OF CELLS TARGETED BY INSULIN
THE ROLE OF ZINC IN REDOX HOMEOSTASIS
NUTRITIONAL APPROACHES TO PREVENT AND TREAT DIABETES
REFERENCES

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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2017-594-002407578