지원사업
학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
커뮤니티
연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 발행연도
- 2021.12
- 수록면
- 443 - 452 (10page)
- DOI
- 10.5143/JESK.2021.40.6.443
이용수
초록· 키워드
오류제보하기
Objective: The goal of this research is to study the driver"s acceptable level of vibration intensity and duration as haptic feedback during conditional automated driving.
Background: Gradually, the driving of a vehicle is being automated, which frees the driver from driving. As various activities become possible as non-driving related activities (NDRAs) in the vehicle, driver"s attention level gets lowered and accordingly, visual, auditory, and tactile-based feedback must be properly provided. Unlike visual and auditory information, which can interfere with driver"s concentration and confuse situational awareness due to information from many systems, tactile feedback is presented as an important feedback method in a way that can improve the efficiency of information delivery about safety. However, although there are various situations in which the driver is informed of the change of control right in the NDRT (Non-Driving Related Task) situation, there is still a lack of research about the intensity and duration as haptic feedback.
Method: By establishing an experimental environment similar to that of a vehicle, the vibration actuators were placed on the seat in a 2 × 2 arrangement on the seat pan and seat back. The vibration was implemented using Arduino equipment and PWM control. The experiment was conducted by combining the independent variables, the intensity of vibration (1~5V), and the level of stimulation time(1.5s, 2.5s, 3.5s, 4.5s). Dependent variables, Error rate and Preference were selected, and Preference for the seat vibration stimulus position (1. Seat back & pan, 2. Seat back, 3. Seat pan) was investigated. Preferences were all collected on a 7-point likert scale.
Results: Through ANOVA analysis, there were significant differences in the intensity of vibration, stimulation time, and the interaction between the two variables, and there was no significant difference in gender or age. Subjects were able to identify vibrations from 3V, and in the case of stimulation time of 3.5s was the most preferred at 3V and 4V, which recognize most vibrations, and 1.5s and 4.5s had lower preferences. At 5V, 2.5s was the most preferred, and from 3.5s the preference decreased sharply. In the case of the vibration stimulation position of the seat, the seat back had the highest preference, and in the case of the seat pan, the preference was very lower than that of the seat back and seat back & pan.
Conclusion: In this study, the minimum level for recognizing the vibration stimulation of the haptic feedback in the vehicle seat and the optimal stimulation time according to the vibration intensity was investigated through experiments, and the range that could accommodate the haptic feedback was derived.
Application: Based on the results of the vibration stimulation level and stimulation time level for the haptic feedback of the vehicle seat in this study, it can be used as a reference index when designing the haptic feedback of the vehicle in the future.
Background: Gradually, the driving of a vehicle is being automated, which frees the driver from driving. As various activities become possible as non-driving related activities (NDRAs) in the vehicle, driver"s attention level gets lowered and accordingly, visual, auditory, and tactile-based feedback must be properly provided. Unlike visual and auditory information, which can interfere with driver"s concentration and confuse situational awareness due to information from many systems, tactile feedback is presented as an important feedback method in a way that can improve the efficiency of information delivery about safety. However, although there are various situations in which the driver is informed of the change of control right in the NDRT (Non-Driving Related Task) situation, there is still a lack of research about the intensity and duration as haptic feedback.
Method: By establishing an experimental environment similar to that of a vehicle, the vibration actuators were placed on the seat in a 2 × 2 arrangement on the seat pan and seat back. The vibration was implemented using Arduino equipment and PWM control. The experiment was conducted by combining the independent variables, the intensity of vibration (1~5V), and the level of stimulation time(1.5s, 2.5s, 3.5s, 4.5s). Dependent variables, Error rate and Preference were selected, and Preference for the seat vibration stimulus position (1. Seat back & pan, 2. Seat back, 3. Seat pan) was investigated. Preferences were all collected on a 7-point likert scale.
Results: Through ANOVA analysis, there were significant differences in the intensity of vibration, stimulation time, and the interaction between the two variables, and there was no significant difference in gender or age. Subjects were able to identify vibrations from 3V, and in the case of stimulation time of 3.5s was the most preferred at 3V and 4V, which recognize most vibrations, and 1.5s and 4.5s had lower preferences. At 5V, 2.5s was the most preferred, and from 3.5s the preference decreased sharply. In the case of the vibration stimulation position of the seat, the seat back had the highest preference, and in the case of the seat pan, the preference was very lower than that of the seat back and seat back & pan.
Conclusion: In this study, the minimum level for recognizing the vibration stimulation of the haptic feedback in the vehicle seat and the optimal stimulation time according to the vibration intensity was investigated through experiments, and the range that could accommodate the haptic feedback was derived.
Application: Based on the results of the vibration stimulation level and stimulation time level for the haptic feedback of the vehicle seat in this study, it can be used as a reference index when designing the haptic feedback of the vehicle in the future.
목차
1. Introduction
2. Method
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusion
References
참고문헌 (17)
참고문헌 신청
Wonsuk Chang / 2011 / Haptic Seat Interfaces for Driver Information and Warning Systems / International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 27(12):1119~1132
Joost C.F. de Winter / 2014 / Effects of adaptive cruise control and highly automated driving on workload and situation awareness: A review of the empirical evidence / Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 27:196~217
Ebru Dogan / 2019 / Effects of non-driving-related tasks on takeover performance in different takeover situations in conditionally automated driving / Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 62:494~504
Mica R. Endsley / 1995 / Toward a Theory of Situation Awareness in Dynamic Systems / Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 37(1):32~64
Yong Gu Ji / 2010 / Development of the Conceptual Prototype for Haptic Interface on the Telematics System / International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 26(1):22~52
Joost C.F. de Winter / 2014 / Effects of adaptive cruise control and highly automated driving on workload and situation awareness: A review of the empirical evidence / Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 27:196~217
Ebru Dogan / 2019 / Effects of non-driving-related tasks on takeover performance in different takeover situations in conditionally automated driving / Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 62:494~504
Mica R. Endsley / 1995 / Toward a Theory of Situation Awareness in Dynamic Systems / Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 37(1):32~64
Yong Gu Ji / 2010 / Development of the Conceptual Prototype for Haptic Interface on the Telematics System / International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 26(1):22~52
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